美国肺生物学中心

Welcome to the 十大彩票网投平台's 肺生物学中心 (CLB). 我们的中心 is comprised of more than 40 faculty members and 25 postdoctoral fellows, clinical fellows, and graduate 学生 representing both basic and clinical science departments, 都对肺生物学感兴趣. CLB旨在提供的状态 art scientific development in lung biology that advances the understanding of human health and disease, to improve patient care and serve as the foundation for outstanding 研究生、研究生和奖学金培训.

CLB faculty research interests include Acute Lung Injury, Airways Biology, Nano-scale Respiratory Cell Biology, Pulmonary Endothelial Cell Biology, and Pulmonary Hypertension. Summaries of these research groups can be found at our 科学的计划 site, located 在左边的面板上. 我们为感兴趣的科学家提供资源信息 in cell culture and experimental gene manipulation at our Tissue and Cell Culture 核心和基因传递核心位点. 我们Percipio™ program is highlighted in the Art in Science section, and our healthy lifestyles 计划在跑步和步行俱乐部部分突出显示. 教师、博士后 and Clinical Fellows, and Graduate Student research interests and biosketches are 点击即可获得. 流媒体采访我们的“与教授见面”系列，其中 分享我们CLB教师的学术生活和职业生涯. 十大彩票网投平台如何联系的信息 Us is easily accessible, and training opportunities are shown in the Training Opportunities section. 你知道吗?... 系列在本主页和档案中突出显示 可以通过点击检索吗. 探索我们的教师，研究员和毕业生的兴趣 学生. 再次欢迎来到CLB.

你知道吗?...

你的肺里有一组独特的微生物?

这 group of microbes is called the lung microbiome, and was discovered in 2010. Before that time, healthy lungs were thought to be completely sterile, and the mere 微生物的存在预示着疾病. 1948年，荷兰科学家J. 穆德表示 that identifying bacteria causing bronchitis was important for administering antibiotics 以“肺消毒”为目的.¹ Over the next decade, lung biologists focused on developing new techniques to obtain samples from the lower respiratory tract of patients with bronchitis or pneumonia.² The purpose was always to culture the organism responsible for the disease, and was 因为健康的肺是无菌的.

In 2007, the National Institute of Health launched the Human Microbiome Project. 这 project, similar to the Human Genome Project, was ai地中海 at identifying resident bacterial populations in the human body in order to understand their role in health and disease.³ Instead of culturing the organisms, samples were analyzed by molecular sequencing 16S核糖体核糖核酸.⁴ 16S rRNA is a gene that is not found in humans, but is found in bacteria. 此外, bacterial genera have a unique 16S rRNA fingerprint, allowing for accurate identification 细菌，甚至那些不能在实验室培养的细菌.^5,6 Of note, the respiratory tract was not included in the Human Microbiome Project, 因为当时，人们还认为肺部是无菌的.³

In 2010, Swiss scientist Markus Hilty examined samples obtained from diseased lungs 并将它们与健康的肺样本进行比较.⁷ Hilty analyzed his samples by 16S rRNA sequencing which allowed him to make a groundbreaking 发现. Samples taken from healthy individuals with no respiratory disease were 丰富的独特的细菌序列. 希尔蒂在一段时间里第一次结束了谈话 history that, similar to the gastrointestinal tract, the healthy bronchial tree contains 特有的微生物群.⁷ Since 2010, several studies have confir地中海 the presence of a healthy lung microbiome.^8,9 Current studies no longer focus on “lungsterilization”, but rather on how the lung microbiome changes during infectious disease (bronchitis and pneumonia)^10,11 and chronic lung 疾病 such as cystic fibrosis (see Figure), asthma, and lung 癌症.^12,13

图1. Data from the Marsico Lung Institute shows samples from cystic fibrosis (CF) lungs (left) compared to samples from healthy lungs (right) that were analyzed by 16S rRNA 微生物存在的测序. 香农多样性指数(Shannon diversity index diversity within a given community) is significantly lower in the diseased lungs compared 为了健康的肺. 这表明肺部微生物组的组成发生了变化 囊性纤维化肺. 来源: 地中海.unc.edu

引用:

1. 穆德J. 痰脓杆菌支气管-长过程. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 1948;92(44):3521-3528.

2. 刘建平，刘建平. 健康和慢性下呼吸道细菌学 疾病. [英]医学. 1958;258(2):71-74.

3. Turnbaugh PJ, Ley RE, Hamady M, Fraser-Liggett CM, Knight R, Gordon JI. 人类的 微生物工程. 自然. 2007;449(7164):804-810.

4. 天天p LM. 2011年及以后的人类微生物组计划. 细胞宿主微生物. 2011;10(4):287-291.

5. 格莱斯，孔洪辉，Renaud G，等. 人类皮肤微生物群的多样性概况. 基因组Res. 2008;18(7):1043-1050.

6. 张志强，杨志强，张志强，等. 台式16S rRNA基因测序 sequencer: accuracy for identification of clinically important bacteria. J苹果微生物. 2017;123(6):1584-1596.

7. Hilty M, Burke C, Pedro H，等. 哮喘气道中微生物群落紊乱. 《十大彩票网投平台》. 2010;5(1):e8578.

8. erb - downjr, Thompson DL, Han MK，等. 肺微生物组分析 “健康”吸烟者和慢性阻塞性肺病患者. 《十大彩票网投平台》. 2011;6(2):e16384.

9. Larsen JM, Steen-Jensen DB, Laursen JM等. 不同的促炎谱 of human dendritic cells in response to commensal and pathogenic bacteria associated 气道微生物群. 《十大彩票网投平台》. 2012;7(2):e31976.

10. Wu BG, Segal LN. 肺微生物组及其在肺炎中的作用. 临床胸科医学. 2018;39(4):677-689.

11. 杜马斯A，伯纳德L，波奎特Y，卢戈-维拉里诺G，内罗尔斯O. 肺的作用 呼吸道传染病的微生物群与肠-肺轴. 细胞Microbiol. 2018;20(12):e12966.

12. Frati F, Salvatori C, Incorvaia C，等. 微生物组在哮喘中的作用 肠道(-)肺轴. 生物医学杂志. 2018;20(1).

13. 毛强，蒋飞，尹荣，等. 肺部微生物群与肺癌之间的相互作用. 癌症列托人. 2018;415:40-48.

作者: 菲比·雷内玛博士.D.2019年6月

首席编辑: 乔纳森·雷纳博士.D. 和达纳杰·塔姆贝博士.D. 

十大彩票网投平台

美国肺生物学中心
十大彩票网投平台医学院
美国北路5851号，MSB 3340
阿拉巴马州莫比尔36688-0002